Dianita Nuryani Putri (1), Moh. Muhibbin (2), Diyan Isnaeni (3)
General Background: Child guardianship is a legal mechanism for protecting children who are no longer under effective parental authority, and appointment decisions should prioritize the best interests of the child. Specific Background: Minister of Social Affairs Regulation Number 7 of 2024 introduces more detailed mechanisms for assessing prospective guardians, including social assessment, home visits, Social Work Reports, and supporting suitability requirements. Knowledge Gap: Its implementation raises unresolved questions about the legal position of these assessments in judicial proceedings, their procedural status, and their relationship with judicial independence. Aims: This normative legal study, supported by a limited socio-legal perspective, examines the regulation’s implementation and legal position in relation to legal certainty, prospective-guardian assessment, and children’s rights. Results: The framework moves guardianship from predominantly administrative screening toward substantive, child-centered assessment, provides a broader factual basis for identifying risks before appointment, and supplies more detailed technical standards. Consistent application, however, depends on institutional capacity, professional assessment availability, inter-agency coordination, and judicial interpretation. Novelty: The study links the revised assessment framework with preventive legal protection, legal certainty, and the best interests of the child while preserving the court’s evidentiary authority. Implications: Continued coordination and clear procedural guidance are needed so that implementation remains consistent without limiting judicial independence or displacing the child’s welfare as the central consideration.
Highlights:
Keywords: Child Guardianship, Children’s Rights Protection, Legal Certainty, Best Interests of the Child, Minister of Social Affairs Regulation Number 7 of 2024.
[1] F. M. Parhan, A. Hamid, and L. Annisa, “Perwalian menurut para fuqaha (tela’ah Kitab Fiqih Islam Wa Adillatuh dan Kitabun Nikah Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari),” Indonesian Journal of Islamic Jurisprudence, Economic and Legal Theory, vol. 2, no. 2, 2024, doi: 10.62976/ijijel.v2i2.618.
[2] W. A. F. Wan Ismail, S. N. Syed Husin, A. S. Baharuddin, L. Abdul Mutalib, Z. Mamat, and M. A. A. Alias, “Konsep perkahwinan menurut perspektif fiqh dan undang-undang Islam di Malaysia,” in Proc. 8th Int. Prophetic Conf. (SWAN 2022), 2022, pp. 14–28. [Online]. Available: https://swanfpqs.usim.edu.my/index.php/conference/article/view/6
[3] M. Ihsanudin, “Reformasi hukum perwalian anak dalam kasus perceraian: Antara kepentingan anak dan hak orang tua,” At-Ta’aruf: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, vol. 3, no. 2, 2024, doi: 10.59579/ath.v3i2.8675.
[4] M. Hifni and A. Asnawi, “Problematika hak asuh anak dalam perspektif hukum Islam dan hukum positif,” Jurnal Res Justitia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, vol. 1, no. 1, 2021, doi: 10.46306/rj.v1i1.4.
[5] M. Aditya and F. Fathullah, “Konsep wali nikah dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 menurut pandangan ulama Hanafiyah dan Syafi’iyah,” Al-Muqaranah, 2023, doi: 10.55210/jpmh.v1i1.283.
[6] Gunadi, “Perbandingan syarat sahnya perjanjian menurut Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata dan hukum Islam,” Ahwaluna: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, vol. 6, no. 1, 2025, doi: 10.70143/ahwalunajurnalhukumkeluargaislam.v6i1.460.
[7] F. N. Aksa, S. M. Widia, and S. Hanani, “Perbandingan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris,” Nusantara: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 2226–2236, 2025, doi: 10.31604/jips.v12i6.2025.2226-2236.
[8] T. H. Simatupang, “Disharmoni peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang pengawasan perwalian di Indonesia (lintas sejarah dari hukum kolonial ke hukum nasional),” Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 221–232, 2020, doi: 10.30641/dejure.2020.v20.221-232.
[9] J. Riska, S. Sukiati, and M. Y. Harahap, “Yurisprudensi hukum hak perwalian paman terhadap anak melalui putusan pengadilan,” Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research, vol. 5, no. 4, 2025, doi: 10.31004/innovative.v5i4.20018.
[10] Wahyudi, M. H. A. Pakarti, D. Farid, Husain, and S. Gussevi, “Pergeseran konsep perwalian anak dalam perkembangan hukum keluarga di Indonesia,” An-Nisa: Journal of Islamic Family Law, vol. 1, no. 4, 2024, doi: 10.63142/an-nisa.v1i4.46.
[11] I. Ishak, “Perwalian menurut konsep hukum tertulis di Indonesia,” Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, vol. 19, no. 3, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.usk.ac.id/kanun/article/view/6875
[12] T. H. Simatupang, “Kekuatan Pasal 366 dan Pasal 369 KUHPerdata: Menyoal kewenangan BHP dan lex specialis derogat legi generali menuju pembentukan sistem hukum perwalian nasional di Indonesia,” Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, vol. 20, no. 1, 2023, doi: 10.54629/jli.v20i1.999.
[13] R. Dahlan and A. Reza, “Pengangkatan anak dan hubungannya dengan perwalian dalam tinjauan hukum Islam dan perundang-undangan di Indonesia (studi kasus di Pengadilan Agama Palu Kelas 1 A),” Al-Mashadir: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Ekonomi Islam, vol. 4, no. 1, 2022, doi: 10.31970/almashadir.v4i1.79.
[14] S. Natasha, “Rekonstruksi eksistensi Balai Harta Peninggalan sebagai wali pengawas melalui harmonisasi peraturan hukum tentang perwalian,” Majalah Hukum Nasional, vol. 49, no. 2, 2019, doi: 10.33331/mhn.v49i2.34.
[15] T. H. Simatupang, “Disharmoni peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang pengawasan perwalian di Indonesia (lintas sejarah dari hukum kolonial ke hukum nasional),” Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 221–232, 2020, doi: 10.30641/dejure.2020.V20.221-232.