Rafi Aryadinata (1), Enny Aryanny (2)
General Background: Efficient distribution planning is essential to ensure timely delivery with reasonable operational costs. Specific Background: PT. ABC distributes gym equipment, with dumbbells as a high-demand product, yet its current route planning is not optimal, leading to longer travel time and higher distribution costs using pick-up trucks. Knowledge Gap: Prior route optimization approaches in similar contexts often emphasize distance reduction without explicitly incorporating vehicle load capacity, reducing realism for heavy-goods delivery. Aims: This study aims to determine an optimal capacitated distribution route for gym dumbbell deliveries at PT. ABC using a Genetic Algorithm within a Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) framework to minimize total travel distance and distribution cost. Results: The proposed Genetic Algorithm solution produced four delivery routes totaling 174 km compared with the company’s 253.3 km, reducing distance by 79.3 km (31.3%) and lowering total distribution cost from IDR 313,300 to IDR 234,000, a reduction of IDR 79,300 (25.3%). Novelty: Vehicle load capacity is treated as an additional decision variable, making the optimized routes more representative of actual dumbbell distribution conditions. Implications: The findings support managerial decision-making for route planning, operational cost control, and transport fleet productivity, and demonstrate the suitability of Genetic Algorithms for CVRP-based distribution route optimization with realistic capacity considerations.
Highlights:
Total travel distance decreased by 79.3 km with 31.3% savings versus the existing routing approach.
Total delivery expenditure declined by IDR 79,300, equivalent to 25.3% cost savings.
Capacity-constrained routing produced four feasible delivery routes aligned with pick-up load limits.
Keywords: Genetic Algorithm, Distribution Costs, Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem, Optimal Route
M. I. Nasution, H. A. Fachrezi, S. Darma, D. Rahman, and Suhairi, “Distribusi Pasar Luar Negeri,” Ekonomi Bisnis Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 1000–1005, 2022.
Z. Makruf and Rusindiyanto, “Perencanaan Rute Distribusi Yang Optimal Untuk Meminimumkan Biaya Distribusi Dengan Metode Algoritma Genetika (Studi Kasus Di CV. XYZ),” Jurnal Manajemen Industri Dan Teknologi, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 105–117, 2020.
W. Zulkarnaen, L. D. Fitriani, and N. Yuningsih, “Pengembangan Supply Chain Management Dalam Pengelolaan Distribusi Logistik Pemilu,” Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, Akuntansi, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 222–243, 2020, doi: 10.31955/mea.v4i2.372.
Hasminiar, R. Hidayat, O. Karyono, N. A. Fitri, and L. Anggryani, “Inovasi Dalam Model Bisnis Distribusi: Tantangan Dan Peluang Di Era Digital,” EKOMA: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 867–880, 2024, doi: 10.56799/ekoma.v3i6.4536.
H. Patmawati and Y. A. Nugroho, “Optimalisasi Rute Distribusi Matras Pada Penyelesaian Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem Dengan Metode Algoritma Genetika,” Jurnal Cakrawala Ilmiah, vol. 1, no. 11, pp. 2745–2756, 2022.
N. Q. Saputra and T. Sukmono, “Analisa Optimalisasi Rute Distribusi Untuk Mengefisiensikan Logistik Menggunakan Algoritma Genetika,” Matrik: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Teknik Industri – Produksi, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 67–78, 2024, doi: 10.350587/Matrik.v25i1.7989.
R. F. Syahputra, “Menganalisis Konsep Dasar Algoritma Genetika,” Bhinneka: Jurnal Bintang Pendidikan Dan Bahasa, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 120–132, 2024, doi: 10.59024/bhinneka.v2i1.643.
G. E. R. Tirajoh, S. L. Mandey, and J. G. Poluan, “Analisis Saluran Distribusi Pada PT. Hasjrat Abadi Cabang Airmandidi Di Minahasa Utara,” Jurnal EMBA, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 935–944, 2021, doi: 10.35794/emba.v9i4.36726.
A. S. Fauziah, I. Cholissodin, and B. Rahayudi, “Optimasi Pendistribusian Air Mineral Menggunakan Algoritma Genetika,” Jurnal Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi Dan Ilmu Komputer, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 966–972, 2022.
M. Azhar, “Pengertian Python: Bahasa Pemrograman Serbaguna Dan Populer,” Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://bse.telkomuniversity.ac.id/pengertian-python-bahasa-pemrograman-serbaguna-dan-populer/
.
L. Jusisjanto, T. R. Fauzan, and B. Fisher, “Enhancing Logistic Efficiency In Product Distribution Through Genetic Algorithms (GAs) For Route Optimization,” International Journal Of Software Engineering And Computer Science, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 504–510, 2023, doi: 10.35870/ijsecs.v3i3.1872.
R. Salman, Suprapto, and Irfandi, “Pengaruh Crossover Probabilitas Terhadap Kinerja Algoritma Genetika Dalam Optimasi Penjadwalan Matakuliah,” Jurnal Teknoif Teknik Informatika, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 69–74, 2023, doi: 10.21063/jtif.2023.V11.2.69-74.
C. Napitupulu, Implementasi Algoritma Genetika Untuk Penyelesaian Travelling Salesman Problem Berbasis Android, Undergraduate Thesis, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, 2018.
D. G. Nada and D. S. Donoriyanto, “Analisa Distribusi Barang PT. XYZ Dengan Algoritma Genetika,” Jurnal Manajemen Industri Dan Teknologi, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 24–30, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://juminten.upnjatim.ac.id/index.php/juminten
P. Toth and D. Vigo, Vehicle Routing: Problems, Methods, And Applications, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA, USA: SIAM, 2014.