Login
Section Innovation in Health Science

Gadget Use and Social Interaction and Social Emotional Conditions in Preschool Children

Penggunaan Gadget dan Interaksi Sosial serta Kondisi Sosial Emosional Anak Prasekolah
Vol. 27 No. 1 (2026): January:

Sofiana Dewi Nugraheni (1), Indanah Indanah (2), Sri Karyati (3)

(1) Program Studi Sarjana Keperawatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kudus, Indonesia
(2) Program Studi Sarjana Keperawatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kudus, Indonesia
(3) Program Studi Sarjana Keperawatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kudus, Indonesia
Fulltext View | Download

Abstract:

General Background: Preschool children undergo rapid social and emotional development during early childhood while simultaneously experiencing increasing exposure to digital technology. Specific Background: Gadget use has become a routine activity among preschool children and is commonly associated with variations in social interaction behavior and social-emotional conditions in both home and school environments. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies tend to examine gadget use in general populations, with limited evidence focusing on specific kindergarten settings that concurrently assess social interaction behavior and social-emotional conditions. Aims: This study aimed to examine the relationship between gadget use, social interaction behavior, and social-emotional conditions among preschool children at Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal V Gondangmanis Kindergarten. Results: Employing a quantitative correlational design with a cross-sectional approach involving 68 preschool children, the findings indicated a significant negative relationship between gadget use and social interaction behavior (r = −0.288; p = 0.017) and a significant positive relationship between gadget use and social-emotional problems (r = 0.334; p = 0.005). Novelty: This study integrates gadget use, social interaction behavior, and social-emotional conditions within a specific kindergarten context, providing localized empirical evidence. Implications: The findings underline the importance of structured parental and teacher guidance in regulating gadget use to support healthy social interaction and social-emotional development in preschool children.


Highlights

• Higher gadget use was associated with lower levels of social interaction behavior
• Increased gadget use corresponded with a higher occurrence of social-emotional problems
• The kindergarten-based context revealed distinctive behavioral and emotional patterns


Keywords

Gadget Use; Social Interaction; Social Emotional Conditions; Preschool Children; Early Childhood Development

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

F. Nurmalitasari, “Perkembangan sosial emosi pada anak usia prasekolah,” Buletin Psikologi, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 103–111, 2015, doi: 10.22146/bpsi.10567.

A. Oktaviana, “Dampak penggunaan gadget terhadap interaksi sosial anak usia dini perspektif hadis,” Kindergarten: Journal of Islamic Early Childhood Education, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 145–153, 2021.

I. Tristanti, Indanah, and T. I. Prasetyo, “Kejadian gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH) pada anak prasekolah di RSUD Dr. Loekmonohadi Kudus,” Jurnal Kebidanan, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 23–30, 2020.

M. Yulisetyaningrum, A. R., and I. Z. Alfijannah, “Hubungan dukungan sosial dengan kemampuan sosialisasi anak autisme di Yayasan Pondok Pesantren ABK Al-Achsaniyyah Kudus,” Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 44–50, 2018.

A. Aryani, S. Warsini, and F. Haryanti, “Relationship between quality of care of young mothers and social-emotional development in preschool children,” Belitung Nursing Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 31–38, 2018, doi: 10.33546/bnj.344.

A. F. Simanjuntak, G. Indriati, and R. Woferst, “Gambaran perkembangan sosial emosional pada anak usia prasekolah,” Health Care: Jurnal Kesehatan, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 43–51, 2022.

A. Hidayat, “Pengaruh gadget terhadap perkembangan emosional anak usia dini di Desa Ujunggurap Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Batunadua,” Al-Irsyad: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 317–334, 2022.

J. Suteja, “Dampak pola asuh orang tua terhadap perkembangan sosial-emosional anak,” Awlady: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, vol. 3, no. 1, 2017, doi: 10.24235/awlady.v3i1.1331.

R. A. Muawanah, N. Nihwan, A. K. Umam, and R. A. Fitri, “Dampak penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan emosional anak usia 4–6 tahun di PAUD PGRI 15 A Iringmulyo Kota Metro,” IJIGAEd: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Golden Age Education, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 42–49, 2022, doi: 10.32332/ijigaed.v2i2.4744.

Badan Pusat Statistik, “Data jumlah anak usia dini di Indonesia tahun 2023,” Dataindonesia, 2023.

Badan Pusat Statistik, “Penggunaan internet oleh anak usia dini di Indonesia tahun 2022,” Katadata, 2022.

N. K. Fauziyah, Adnan, and A. Putri, “Analisis interaksi sosial anak usia dini pengguna gadget dengan teman sebaya,” Ash-Shudur: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 29–42, 2022.

W. Novitasari and N. Khotimah, “Dampak penggunaan gadget terhadap interaksi sosial anak usia 5–6 tahun,” Jurnal PAUD Teratai, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 182–186, 2016.

A. R. Masithoh et al., “The correlation between gadget and learning motivation towards insomnia incident of the nursing students,” in Proc. 1st Int. Conf. Science, Health, Economics, Education and Technology (ICoSHEET 2019), vol. 27, pp. 284–287, 2020, doi: 10.2991/ahsr.k.200723.071.

A. Rosiana, M. Purnomo, E. Wibowo, and Sumiati, “Hubungan pola asuh pengasuh (non keluarga) dengan kedisiplinan anak di TK Pertiwi 01 Yayasan Dian Dharma Pati,” Jurnal Perawat, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 30–37, 2018.

S. Prayito, E. Rusdianah, and F. Yuliana, “Hubungan penggunaan gadget dengan perkembangan sosial-emosional pada anak usia prasekolah (4–6 tahun),” Jurnal Penelitian Perawat Profesional, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 2229–2238, 2024.

E. N. Rohmah et al., “Parenting patterns in the digital era of preschool children in Village Sridadi Rembang,” in Proc. Univ. Research Colloquium, pp. 263–272, 2021.

Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta, 2019.

S. Notoatmodjo, Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2018.

A. R. Nabilla, S. W. D. S. Saputri, and L. P. I. Budyawati, “Efektivitas kegiatan kolaborasi seni terhadap kemampuan interaksi sosial anak,” Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 115–121, 2023.

Kementerian Kesehatan RI, Pedoman Pelaksanaan Stimulasi, Deteksi dan Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Anak. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI, 2019.

I. Y. Sari, “Hubungan durasi penggunaan gadget dengan interaksi sosial anak usia prasekolah,” Jurnal Kesehatan, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 9–17, 2019, doi: 10.35913/jk.v7i1.128.

P. H. Pebriana, “Analisis penggunaan gadget terhadap kemampuan interaksi sosial pada anak usia dini,” Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2017, doi: 10.31004/obsesi.v1i1.26.

I. Puspitasari et al., “Hubungan penggunaan smartphone dengan fungsi penglihatan pada anak sekolah,” in Proc. Univ. Research Colloquium, pp. 66–71, 2021.

Baderi and D. Nurjanah, “Penggunaan gadget dengan perkembangan interaksi sosial anak usia prasekolah,” Nursing Journal of STIKES Insan Cendekia Medika Jombang, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 6–11, 2018.

F. Nuraini and J. D. Wardhani, “Hubungan durasi bermain gadget dengan perkembangan sosial emosional anak,” Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 2245–2256, 2023, doi: 10.31004/obsesi.v7i2.4198.

U. Mursidah, Y. P. Sari, and Y. Bachri, “Hubungan durasi penggunaan gadget terhadap emosional anak usia sekolah,” Jurnal Keperawatan Suaka Insan, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 179–187, 2024.

M. F. Amiq, H. Siswanti, and S. Karyati, “Hubungan screen time dengan perkembangan anak usia 3–5 tahun,” Jurnal Penelitian Medis Berkelanjutan, vol. 9, no. 8, 2025.

K. N. Kamilla, A. A. P. Putri, and Azainil, “Dampak kecanduan gadget pada kemampuan regulasi emosi anak usia 4–5 tahun,” Aulad: Journal on Early Childhood, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 878–888, 2025, doi: 10.31004/aulad.v8i2.1173.

N. Hidayah, “Meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus melalui kegiatan finger painting pada anak usia 4–5 tahun,” Skripsi, Universitas Terbuka, 2023.

H. Siswanti and Sukesih, “Hubungan komunikasi terapeutik dengan kecemasan akibat hospitalisasi pada anak usia prasekolah,” Jurnal Keperawatan, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 84–88, 2017.