Keywords
Punishment
Legal Reform
Equality
Criminal Offenders
How to Cite
Abstract
General background of this research emphasizes the state's vital role in ensuring the rights of persons with disabilities within the legal framework, particularly in criminal proceedings. The specific background highlights the challenges these individuals face in the justice system, often encountering biases that hinder their access to justice. The knowledge gap identified indicates a lack of comprehensive research on the legal treatment and punishment of offenders with disabilities in Indonesia, especially under the new Criminal Code. This research aims to analyze punishment implementation for such offenders and the collaboration between judges and psychiatrists for fair legal processes. The results reveal that a normative descriptive method, incorporating expert assessments and judicial discretion, is crucial for adjudicating these cases. The novelty lies in proposing a collaborative approach that encourages judges to consider legal principles alongside individual circumstances. The implications advocate for systemic reforms to enhance protections and treatment of persons with disabilities in the criminal justice system, ensuring equitable rights and justice for all citizens. This study contributes to the dialogue on legal reform and social justice, urging policymakers to foster an inclusive legal environment.
Highlights:
- Emphasizes the importance of integrating expert assessments in legal proceedings for offenders with disabilities.
- Advocates for a collaborative approach between judges and psychiatrists to ensure fair treatment.
- Highlights the need for systemic reforms to protect the rights of persons with disabilities in the justice system.
Keywords: Disability, Punishment, Legal Reform, Equality, Criminal Offenders
References
A. Wahid, F. Hamdani, and A. Fauzia, "Pengujian Undang-Undang: Mengurai Konsep Judicial Review & Judicial Preview." Bandung: Alfabeta, 2024.
H. Santoso, “Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Anak Korban Tindak Pidana Pelecehan Seksual,” Lex J. Kaji. Huk. Dan Keadilan, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 1–21, 2019.
A. Fauzia and F. Hamdani, “Aktualisasi Nilai-Nilai Pancasila Dan Konstitusi Melalui Pelokalan Kebijakan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) Di Daerah,” J. Indones. Berdaya, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 157–166, 2021.
Z. S. Price, “Law Enforcement as Political Question,” Notre Dame Law Rev., vol. 91, no. 4, pp. 1571–1640, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/tndl91&div=48&id=&page=
R. Grattet and V. Jenness, “Examining the Boundaries of Hate Crime Law,” in Disabilities and the Dilemma of Difference, 1st ed. B. Perry, Ed. London: Routledge, 2003.
P. M. Marzuki, "Penelitian Hukum," 13th ed. Jakarta: Kencana, 2017.
H. Amrani and M. Ali, "Sistem Pertanggungjawaban Pidana: Perkembangan dan Penerapan." Depok: Rajagrafindo Persada, 2015.
A. Harel, “Efficiency and Fairness in Criminal Law: The Case for a Criminal Law Principle of Comparative Fault,” Calif. Law Rev., vol. 82, no. 5, pp. 1181–1229, 1994. doi: 10.2307/3480909.
C. Huda, "Dari Tiada Pidana Tanpa Kesalahan Menuju Kepada Tiada Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Tanpa Kesalahan." Jakarta: Kencana, 2006.
R. Saleh, "Sistem Pertanggungjawaban Pidana: Perkembangan dan Penerapan." Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2015.
D. Makanoneng, “Cacat Kejiwaan Sebagai Alasan Penghapus Pidana,” Lex Crim., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 131–137, 2016.
Moeljatno, "Asas-Asas Hukum Pidana." Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2002.
J. Remmelink, "Hukum Pidana: Komentar atas Pasal-Pasal Terpenting dari Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Belanda dan Padanannya dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Indonesia". Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2003.
A. Chazawi, "Pelajaran Hukum Pidana Bagian 2: Penafsiran Hukum Pidana, Dasar Peniadaan, Pemberatan, Peringanan, Kejahatan Aduan, Perbarengan, dan Ajaran Kausalitas". Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2009.
R. J. Bonnie, “The Competence of Criminal Defendants: A Theoretical Reformulation,” in Clinical Forensic Psychology and Law," 1st ed. London: Routledge, 2007.
J. Petersilia, "Doing Justice: The Criminal Justice System and Offenders with Developmental Disabilities." Berkeley: California Policy Research Center, 2000.
S. Hayes, “Criminal Behavior and Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: An Epidemiological Perspective,” in The Wiley Handbook on Offenders with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Research, Training, and Practice, W. R. Lindsay and J. L. Taylor, Eds. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2018.
E. A. Zulfa, "Gugurnya Hak Menuntut: Dasar Penghapus Peringan dan Pemberat Pidana." Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia, 2010.
S. Sianturi, "Asas-Asas Hukum Pidana di Indonesia dan Penerapannya." Jakarta: Storia Grafika, 2002.
S. Mertokusumo, "Mengenal Hukum: Suatu Pengantar." Yogyakarta: Cahaya Atma Pustaka, 2010.
MAPPI FHUI, "Panduan Penanganan Perkara Penyandang Disabilitas Berhadapan dengan Hukum." Depok: MAPPI FHUI dan Australia Indonesia Partnership for Justice, 2019.
H. Kurniawan, "Aksebilitas Peradilan bagi Penyandang Disabilitas." Yogyakarta: PUSHAM UII, 2015.
R. G. Bone, “Who Decides - A Critical Look at Procedural Discretion,” Cardozo Law Rev, vol. 28, pp. 1961, 2006. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.928974.
S. Rahardjo, "Masalah Penegakan Hukum." Bandung: Sinar Baru, 1983.
B. Kuntjoro, "Kemandirian Kekuasaan Kehakiman." YLBHI, 1980.
H. Alamri, “Kedudukan Keterangan Ahli Sebagai Alat Bukti Menurut Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana,” J. Lex Priv., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 31–38, 2017.
T. Prasetyo, Y. P. Ginting, and R. K. Karo, "Hukum Pidana." Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2010.
M. Arto, "Praktek Perkara Perdata pada Pengadilan Agama." Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2004.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.