Indonesian Journal of Innovation Studies
type: channel
description: Indonesian Journal of Innovation Studies (IJINS) is a peer-reviewed journal published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo four times a year. This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics concerning new innovation on all aspects. IJINS is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English. Accredited "S3" by the Ministry of Research-Technology and Higher Education Republic of Indonesia Abbreviation IJINS (Indonesian Journal Innovation Studies) DOI prefix 10.21070 by Citation Analysis SCOPUS | Web of Science | Dimension Index Services Google Scholar | SINTA | Dimension | Journalstories ISSN (online) 2598-9936 Publisher Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo Editor in Chief Dr. Hindarto Managing Editor Mahardhika Darmawan Kusuma Wardana Frequency 4 (four) issues per year (January, April, July and October)
publisher: Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
language: en-US
publication name: Indonesian Journal of Innovation Studies
issn: 2598-9936
copyright: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
items: Aligning Business Law with Rapid Technological Innovation: Challenges and Regulatory Strategies in the Digital Economy
items: Distribution of The #Indonesiagelap Information Network on Social Media in The Audience's Social Movement Against Government Regulations
items: Empowerment Moderates Entrepreneurial Motivation and Samiler MSME Independence in Indonesia
items: Integrated Seven Tools Approach Reduces Flat Glass Defects
items: Lean Six Sigma Evaluation of Melamine Paint Delivery Quality Performance
items: Waste Identification and Improvement in Raw Material Procurement Processes
items: Workload and Decision Errors in Copper Cathode Harvesting
items: Agroforestry Potential for Climate Change Adaptation in Buru Regency
items: Agricultural Extension Roles and Performance Build Rice Farmer Competence
items: Farmers Rate Fertilizer Subsidy Delivery Highly in Periurban Rice Areas
items: Indodax Demonstrates Better Usability Than Tokocrypto Based on SUS and EEG Analysis
items: Motorization Affects and Density Lowers Indonesian Environmental Quality
items: Low Welfare Among Smallholder Palm Oil Farmers
items: Relational Governance Innovation Sustains Sugarcane Smallholder Partnerships in East Java
items: Hospital Leadership, Employee Engagement, and Nurse Retention as Components of Workplace Health Promotion in Private Religious Hospitals in Indonesia

Aligning Business Law with Rapid Technological Innovation: Challenges and Regulatory Strategies in the Digital Economy
type: item
description: General Background: Rapid technological innovation has reshaped the digital economy and challenged the foundations of business law. Specific Background: Disruptive technologies, including artificial intelligence, blockchain, smart contracts, algorithmic platforms, and fintech ecosystems, increasingly operate beyond conventional legal assumptions rooted in static civil law frameworks. Knowledge Gap: Existing studies discuss dynamic competition, contract law disruption, and administrative regulatory theory separately, but they do not fully integrate these challenges into a holistic regulatory strategy for business law in the digital economy. Aims: This study aimed to examine theoretical and practical challenges in aligning business law with technological innovation and to formulate contemporary regulatory strategies through normative empirical legal research and comparative literature analysis of global standards, including the European Union, United Kingdom, and United States. Results: The findings identify three major legal challenges: dynamic competition in platform markets, disruption of contract law by autonomous agents and smart contracts, and fundamental rights risks related to algorithmic decision making, data governance, and cyber economic crime. The study also identifies Agile Governance, Regulatory Sandbox mechanisms, and Regulated Convergence as strategic responses to legal rigidity. Novelty: This study synthesizes adaptive law, agile regulation, sandbox governance, and regulated convergence into an integrated framework for digital economy business law. Implications: Regulators should move from prescriptive ex ante rule making toward continuous, risk based, iterative governance that balances innovation, consumer protection, market integrity, and legal certainty. Highlights: Static legal frameworks are unsuitable for fast moving digital ecosystems. Smart contracts and autonomous agents disrupt traditional contractual intent. Sandbox governance supports cont…
creator: Ida Ayu Anggun Tri Apsari
creator: I Gede Agus Kurniawan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ida Ayu Anggun Tri Apsari, I Gede Agus Kurniawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.1878
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.1878
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.1878

Distribution of The #Indonesiagelap Information Network on Social Media in The Audience's Social Movement Against Government Regulations
type: item
description: General Background: Digital media has become a major arena for public protest, collective expression, political participation, and hashtag-based social movements. Specific Background: The #IndonesiaGelap movement emerged on social media as a public response to government regulations and policies perceived as unfavorable to society, and it circulated through platforms such as Twitter and TikTok. Knowledge Gap: The manuscript states that previous literature had not positioned #IndonesiaGelap as the main research object, while studies combining social movement analysis with network and survey approaches to identify negative communication remained limited. Aims: This study aimed to examine the distribution of information and communication networks around #IndonesiaGelap, identify actor roles, and analyze negative communication, hoax, and hate speech patterns using Network Society theory. Results: The study found that the social media network functioned as persuasive communication through unfiltered information and hate speech circulation. Actor networks appeared centralized, with driving actors forming sub-networks and anomalous accounts emerging within supporting clusters. Analysis of 64,816 comments on X showed 81% negative sentiment, 13% neutral sentiment, and 6% positive sentiment, with anger dominating negative comments at 22,482 comments. Novelty: The study focuses on #IndonesiaGelap through big data-based network analysis combined with survey logic. Implications: The findings support more transparent policy communication, dialogue-based governance responses, and deeper analysis of digital opinion leaders in contemporary social movements. Highlights: Big data mapping showed clustered actor roles and subgroups. Unfiltered information and hate speech circulated across platforms. Anomalous accounts appeared within supporting subclusters. Keywords: Social Movement, #Indonesiagelap, Social Network, Government Regulation
creator: Radita Gora Tayibnapis
creator: Ana Kuswanti
creator: Tito Dos Santos Baptista Jr
creator: Amaliyah Izzul Islam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Radita Gora Tayibnapis, Ana Kuswanti , Tito Dos Santos Baptista Jr , Amaliyah Izzul Islam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-23
publication date: 2026-06-23
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2143
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2143
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2143

Empowerment Moderates Entrepreneurial Motivation and Samiler MSME Independence in Indonesia
type: item
description: General Background: MSMEs play an important role in Indonesia’s economy, yet business independence remains a central challenge for small enterprise sustainability. Specific Background: Samiler cracker business owners in the Kayangan Industrial Center face intense business competition, inactive producers, and continued dependence on assistance despite receiving empowerment programs. Knowledge Gap: Previous research has examined the direct relationship between entrepreneurial motivation and business independence, but has not sufficiently addressed the external role of community empowerment as a moderating variable in Samiler cracker MSMEs. Aims: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between entrepreneurial motivation and MSME independence and to examine community empowerment as a moderating variable among 31 active Samiler cracker business owners in Kayangan Village, Jombang. Results: SEM PLS analysis using SmartPLS 4.0 showed that entrepreneurial motivation had a positive and significant relationship with MSME independence, with a path coefficient of 0.643, T statistic of 6.207, and P value of 0.000. Community empowerment moderated the relationship between entrepreneurial motivation and MSME independence, with a path coefficient of 0.317, T statistic of 2.603, and P value of 0.009. The R square value of 0.720 indicated that 72% of MSME independence was explained by the research model. Novelty: This study positions community empowerment as a moderating mechanism in the entrepreneurial motivation and MSME independence model. Implications: Empowerment programs can be evaluated and improved to support more independent Samiler MSME management. Highlights: The structural model explained 72% of business autonomy. Motivation showed a positive significant path coefficient. Community programs strengthened the tested moderation pathway. Keyword: Businessmen, Community Empowerment, Entrepreneurial Motivation, MSME Independence, Samiler Crackers Industrial Center
creator: Sri Vijayanti
creator: Mubarokah Mubarokah
creator: Ika Sari Tondang
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Vijayanti, Mubarokah Mubarokah, Ika Sari Tondang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2192
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2192
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2192

Integrated Seven Tools Approach Reduces Flat Glass Defects
type: item
description: General Background: Product quality control is a central requirement in manufacturing because defects can reduce production performance, increase waste, and weaken company reputation. Specific Background: PT XYZ, a major flat glass manufacturer in Indonesia, faced quality problems in flat glass production during January to September 2025, including inclusion, shellchip, scratch, and stain. Knowledge Gap: The manuscript identifies the need for structured defect analysis, causal diagnosis, and priority repair strategies to minimize flat glass product defects. Aims: This study aimed to identify flat glass defect types using Seven Tools and formulate quality improvement proposals using New Seven Tools. Results: The study recorded 567 defective units. Shellchip was the dominant defect, accounting for 50% or 285 units, followed by scratch at 22% or 123 units, inclusion at 16% or 91 units, and stain at 12% or 68 units. The proposed priority improvements were tightening raw material quality checks from suppliers, implementing double checks during press cutter machine setting, routinely cleaning dirt on the roll, conducting spray tests before coating, and creating a preventive maintenance schedule for coating machines. Novelty: The study combines Seven Tools for quantitative defect analysis with New Seven Tools for structured causal exploration and improvement prioritization. Implications: The findings offer practical quality control actions for reducing flat glass defects and strengthening production reliability. Highlights: A total of 567 faulty units were recorded from January to September 2025. Scratch, inclusion, and stain followed at 22%, 16%, and 12%. Five priority actions addressed supplier checks, cutter setup, roll cleaning, spraying, and maintenance. Keywords: Flat Glass, New Seven Tools, Product Defect, Seven Tools, Quality Control
creator: Citra Wahyuning
creator: Rr. Rochmoeljati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Citra Wahyuning, Rr. Rochmoeljati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-19
publication date: 2026-06-19
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2003
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2003
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2003

Lean Six Sigma Evaluation of Melamine Paint Delivery Quality Performance
type: item
description: General Background Supply chain quality control is essential for ensuring that distributed products reach customers on time and in acceptable condition. Specific Background Melamine paint delivery involves several packaging types, including bottles, jericans, gallons, and pails, yet shipment defects still occur in the form of leaking gallons, burst gallons, dented pails, and broken bottles. Knowledge Gap Delivery quality studies still require integrated defect measurement and improvement prioritization that combines Lean Six Sigma, Root Cause Analysis, and Analytical Hierarchy Process in finishing material distribution. Aims This study evaluates the sigma level of melamine paint delivery defects and determines prioritized improvement actions to reduce shipment defects. Results Using Lean Six Sigma with the DMAIC approach, the study identified four Critical to Quality categories: leaking gallons, burst gallons, dented pails, and broken bottles. Pareto analysis showed that broken bottles were the dominant defect, with 463 cases or 66% of total defects, followed by dented pails at 15%, burst gallons at 13%, and leaking gallons at 6%. The average DPMO was 20,848, with a sigma level of 3.54. AHP weighting placed broken bottles as the highest-priority CTQ with a weight of 0.62. Novelty This study integrates Lean Six Sigma, RCA, and AHP to measure delivery defects and prioritize corrective actions. Implications Adding plywood bases to truck beds, stacking bottles by size, and arranging paint by delivery sequence can support better shipment quality control. Highlights: One packaging failure type accounted for 66% of total cases. Average DPMO reached 20,848 with a sigma level of 3.54. Top corrective actions focused on truck base protection and loading sequence. Keywords: Analytical Hierarchy Process, Defect, Lean Six Sigma, Melamine Paint, Root Cause Analysis
creator: Nurul Amalliyah
creator: Dira Ernawati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Amalliyah, Dira Ernawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-22
publication date: 2026-06-22
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2008
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2008
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2008

Waste Identification and Improvement in Raw Material Procurement Processes
type: item
description: General Background: Efficient raw material procurement is essential for maintaining manufacturing flow, operational stability, and supply chain performance. Specific Background: PT XYZ, a steel plate and pipe fabrication company, faced procurement inefficiencies caused by non-value-added activities, delayed supplier delivery, limited storage capacity, repeated inspection, material returns, and suboptimal warehouse arrangement. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies have widely applied Value Stream Mapping to production processes, yet limited attention has been given to raw material procurement in steel fabrication, particularly through integrated waste mapping and risk prioritization. Aims: This study aimed to identify procurement waste and formulate targeted process recommendations using Value Stream Mapping, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, and the 5W+1H framework. Results: The current condition showed a total lead time of 482 minutes, dominated by non-value-added activities. Waiting, defect, and overprocessing were the most critical waste categories, with Risk Priority Number values of 336, 315, and 252, respectively. Future Value Stream Mapping reduced total lead time to 318 minutes, yielding a 164-minute reduction. Novelty: The study integrates VSM and FMEA to connect process visualization with risk-based priority setting in raw material procurement. Implications: The findings provide a structured basis for supplier coordination, material quality standardization, inspection simplification, administrative streamlining, and procurement efficiency in steel fabrication operations. Highlights: Initial duration decreased from 482 to 318 after redesign. Waiting, defects, and overprocessing carried the highest risk priorities. The 5W+1H framework directed supplier, quality, inspection, and administration actions. Keywords: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Raw Material Procurement, Value Stream Mapping (VSM)
creator: Ari Vera Hardiyanti
creator: Dira Ernawati
creator: Nur Rahmawati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ari Vera Hardiyanti, Dira Ernawati, Nur Rahmawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-19
publication date: 2026-06-19
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2009
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2009
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2009

Workload and Decision Errors in Copper Cathode Harvesting
type: item
description: General Background: Workload management is essential in high-risk manufacturing operations because excessive physical and cognitive demands can reduce concentration, productivity, and workplace safety. Specific Background: Copper cathode harvesting requires operators to work in demanding refinery conditions involving physical endurance, sustained attention, and accurate task execution. Knowledge Gap: Existing workload assessments often examine physical workload or human error separately, while integrated evidence combining cardiovascular load and cognitive reliability analysis in copper cathode harvesting remains limited. Aims: This study aimed to analyze operators’ physical and mental workload and identify potential human errors in copper cathode harvesting operations. Results: Using Cardiovascular Load and Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method, data from 20 operators showed an average %CVL of 40.11%, classified as moderate physical workload, although one operator reached the heavy category and two operators reached the moderately heavy category. CREAM analysis placed the work in tactical control mode, with error probability ranging from 0.001 to 0.1. The highest Human Error Probability value was 0.1, found in evaluate, identify, and record cognitive activities. Novelty: This study integrates CVL and CREAM to connect physical workload, cognitive control mode, and human error probability in copper cathode harvesting. Implications: The findings support workload balancing, fatigue control, decision support, procedural reinforcement, and targeted safety improvements in refinery operations. Highlights: Average %CVL reached 40.11%, indicating a moderate burden category. Tactical control mode produced an error range of 0.001 to 0.1. Evaluate, identify, and record activities showed the highest HEP value. Keywords: CREAM, CVL, Human Error, Refinery Plant, Workload.
creator: Ira Galuh Ristanti
creator: Tranggono Tranggono
creator: Mega Cattleya Prameswari Anissa Islami
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ira Galuh Ristanti, Tranggono Tranggono, Mega Cattleya Prameswari Anissa Islami https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2141
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2141
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2141

Agroforestry Potential for Climate Change Adaptation in Buru Regency
type: item
description: General Background Climate change poses significant challenges to tropical forest ecosystems and dependent communities, particularly through rising temperatures, altered rainfall patterns, and land-use pressures. Specific Background In eastern Indonesia, especially Buru Regency, these dynamics threaten ecosystem stability and land productivity, necessitating adaptive land management approaches such as agroforestry. Knowledge Gap However, limited empirical evidence exists regarding the biophysical characteristics and structural variability of agroforestry systems within concession-based forest management areas. Aims This study aims to analyze vegetation structure, species diversity, and development potential of climate-based agroforestry systems in the PBPH area of PT. Gema Hutani Lestari. Results The findings reveal four canopy strata (A–D) in both Wamtihut and Walsekat hamlets, indicating typical tropical forest stratification, with Wamtihut showing higher structural complexity, greater species richness (nine tree species), and moderate diversity (H’ = 1.72), while Walsekat exhibits lower diversity (H’ = 1.06) and strong dominance of Pterocymbium javanicum (IVI = 143.10). Horizontal distribution patterns include solitary, grouped, and random formations, reflecting ecological variation and land-use intensity. Notably, the absence of seedlings in both sites indicates a regeneration gap. Novelty This study provides integrated quantitative and qualitative evidence linking vegetation structure, diversity indices, and agroforestry potential within a concession-based tropical forest landscape. Implications The results highlight the need for integrated agroforestry management, institutional strengthening, and community participation to support ecosystem resilience and climate change adaptation in Buru Regency. Highlights: Multi-layer canopy composition differs markedly between two hamlets, indicating contrasting ecological conditions. One location shows moderate heterogene…
creator: Sally Sinanu
creator: Johan Mattinahoru
creator: Fransina Sarah Latumahina
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Sally Sinanu, Johan Mattinahoru, Fransina Sarah Latumahina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-05-08
publication date: 2026-05-08
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2055
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2055
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2055

Agricultural Extension Roles and Performance Build Rice Farmer Competence
type: item
description: General Background Agricultural extension services actively cultivate agricultural knowledge, technical skills, and managerial capacity to support sustainable rice farming. Specific Background Growers in peri-urban areas frequently confront challenges including limited extension personnel, shrinking agricultural land, and technology adoption barriers, necessitating optimal extension delivery. Knowledge Gap Previous literature predominantly investigates extension delivery as isolated factors, leaving a scarcity of empirical evidence regarding the simultaneous predictability of these variables on grower capabilities in peri-urban settings. Aims This study investigates the concurrent operational delivery of agricultural extension workers on the capabilities of rice growers in Pertapan Maduretno Village, Sidoarjo Regency. Results Utilizing a quantitative methodology and Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares on data from 104 purposively selected respondents, the findings reveal that both the operational role and field delivery of agricultural professionals positively and significantly predict grower capabilities. Together, these structural variables account for 53.4 percent of the variance in grower capabilities. Novelty This research distinctly integrates extension operations into a unified structural model to elucidate grower capabilities within a peri-urban demographic facing specific personnel shortages and technological challenges. Implications Prioritizing practical field demonstrations, active participation, technology dissemination, capital access, and marketing support will decisively shape grower capabilities and secure sustainable agricultural development. Highlights: Field demonstrations and technology dissemination actively shape grower capabilities in peri-urban environments. Structural modeling confirms a 53.4 percent variance explanation regarding grower knowledge and technical skills. Active professional delivery mitigates challenges related…
creator: Cahya Yuhan Armandha
creator: Hamidah Hendrarini
creator: Gyska Indah Harya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Cahya Yuhan Armandha, Hamidah Hendrarini, Gyska Indah Harya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-07-07
publication date: 2026-07-07
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2148
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2148
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2148

Farmers Rate Fertilizer Subsidy Delivery Highly in Periurban Rice Areas
type: item
description: General Background: Subsidized fertilizer distribution plays an essential role in supporting rice production by ensuring that farmers obtain agricultural inputs through government assistance programs. Specific Background: In Indonesia, the distribution system is evaluated using the "7 Right" principles, namely the right type, quantity, price, place, time, quality, and target recipients, yet implementation challenges remain in several farming areas. Knowledge Gap: Limited evidence is available regarding farmers’ perceptions of subsidized fertilizer distribution performance in periurban rice production areas using the comprehensive "7 Right" framework. Aims: This study aimed to examine farmers’ perceptions of subsidized fertilizer distribution and determine the overall distribution performance in Cangkringsari Village, Sukodono District, Sidoarjo Regency. Results: A quantitative descriptive approach was conducted using questionnaires administered to 66 randomly selected rice farmers registered in the 2025 Definitive Plan for Group Needs (RDKK). The findings showed very high scores across all distribution dimensions, including the right type (4.45), quantity (4.38), price (4.29), place (4.42), time (4.60), quality (4.38), and target recipients (4.43). The overall distribution performance reached 88%, indicating a very high level of implementation according to farmers’ assessments, although several operational problems were still reported. Novelty: This study provides an integrated evaluation of subsidized fertilizer distribution in a periurban rice farming area using farmers’ assessments across all "7 Right" distribution indicators. Implications: The findings support the continued implementation of subsidized fertilizer programs while highlighting the importance of addressing remaining operational constraints to sustain farmer satisfaction and program performance. Highlights: Farmers assigned very high ratings to every distribution criterion within the seven-principle …
creator: Firmansyah Ramadhani
creator: Mirza Andrian Syah
creator: Nuriah Yuliati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Firmansyah Ramadhani, Mirza Andrian Syah, Nuriah Yuliati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-30
publication date: 2026-06-30
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2150
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2150
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2150

Indodax Demonstrates Better Usability Than Tokocrypto Based on SUS and EEG Analysis
type: item
description: General Background: Cryptocurrency investment applications have become increasingly important in supporting digital financial transactions and mobile-based investment activities. Specific Background: Usability plays a critical role in cryptocurrency applications because users interact with complex and high-risk transaction systems requiring effective navigation, efficiency, and cognitive comfort. Knowledge Gap: Previous usability studies on cryptocurrency applications have predominantly relied on subjective approaches such as System Usability Scale (SUS) and conventional usability testing, while the integration of Electroencephalography (EEG) for physiological validation remains limited. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the usability of the cryptocurrency investment applications Indodax and Tokocrypto based on ISO 9241-11 by integrating performance measurement, System Usability Scale (SUS), and Electroencephalography (EEG). Results: The findings showed that Indodax achieved higher usability performance with an SUS score of 71.5, effectiveness of 98%, and efficiency of 0.059 goal/second, while Tokocrypto obtained an SUS score of 56.75, effectiveness of 74%, and efficiency of 0.036 goal/second. EEG analysis revealed dominant Alpha waves in Indodax, indicating lower cognitive load and more comfortable interaction, whereas Tokocrypto demonstrated dominant Beta waves associated with higher cognitive burden and user stress. Several usability problems in Tokocrypto were identified, including asset navigation, transaction history visibility, and transaction amount selection. Novelty: This study integrates subjective usability assessment, performance measurement, and EEG-based physiological analysis in cryptocurrency application evaluation. Implications: The results provide practical guidance for interface redesign and support the development of more cognitively efficient cryptocurrency investment applications. Highlights: Indodax achieved higher task completio…
creator: Rachmad Fadillah
creator: Tranggono Tranggono
creator: Mega Cattleya Prameswari Anissa Islami
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Rachmad Fadillah, Tranggono Tranggono, Mega Cattleya Prameswari Anissa Islami https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-08
publication date: 2026-06-08
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2137
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2137
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2137

Motorization Affects and Density Lowers Indonesian Environmental Quality
type: item
description: General Background: Environmental quality is increasingly pressured by daily human activities, demographic concentration, mobility growth, land conversion, waste generation, and fossil-fuel-based transportation. Specific Background: Indonesia experienced ecological challenges during 2018–2022, while motor vehicle growth and population density increased across provinces. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies on environmental quality commonly emphasized macroeconomic variables such as economic growth and industrialization, while direct human activity pressure through transportation mobility and demographic density remains less isolated in panel analysis. Aims: This study aimed to examine the relationship between motor vehicle numbers, population density, and the Environmental Quality Index across Indonesian provinces. Results: Using quantitative panel data from 34 provinces during 2018–2022 and the Fixed Effect Model selected through Chow and Hausman tests, the findings show that motor vehicle numbers had a positive and significant relationship with the Environmental Quality Index, with β = 0.0000065 and p = 0.0000. Population density had a negative and significant relationship, with β = −0.0223 and p = 0.0430. The model explained 87.689% of environmental quality variation. Novelty: This study isolates transportation mobility and demographic pressure as core human activity variables in Indonesian environmental quality analysis. Implications: The findings call for balanced policies that manage mobility growth, demographic pressure, and environmental protection while considering regional fiscal and ecological heterogeneity. Highlights: Vehicle numbers showed a positive significant coefficient. Demographic concentration reduced ecological carrying capacity. Provincial heterogeneity required Fixed Effect Model estimation. Keywords: JKB, Population Density, Environmental Quality
creator: Andreas Butarbutar
creator: Ririt Iriani Sri Setiawati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Andreas Butarbutar, Ririt Iriani Sri Setiawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-07-01
publication date: 2026-07-01
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2139
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2139
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2139

Low Welfare Among Smallholder Palm Oil Farmers
type: item
description: General Background The palm oil sector serves as a crucial pillar of the national economy and drives rural development. Specific Background Despite cultivating a high-value commodity, smallholder producers continuously face systemic financial pressures, including high operational expenses and unequal access to agricultural resources. Knowledge Gap Household-based prosperity measurement at the micro-level remains highly limited, necessitating a deeper empirical analysis to accurately depict real socioeconomic conditions. Aims This study investigates the financial status of local growers using the Farmer Household Income Exchange Rate approach and identifies the underlying structural determinants. Results Utilizing a snowball sampling method with seven key informants, the evaluation demonstrates an average exchange rate of 91.41, indicating that the majority of households have not achieved a prosperous condition. Furthermore, prosperity disparities are heavily dictated by land area, harvest yields, cost optimization, and alternative revenues. Specifically, fertilizer and labor expenses dominate the variable costs, suppressing net agricultural receipts. Novelty This research contextualizes the application of the Farmer Household Income Exchange Rate to reveal how simultaneous constraints in resource access and production expenses structurally prevent livelihood security. Implications Achieving continuous financial security requires comprehensive strategies prioritizing production cost optimization, alternative revenue diversification, and human resource capacity building rather than solely focusing on aggregate harvest volumes. Highlights: An average exchange rate of 91.41 signifies widespread financial vulnerability among local palm oil producers. Fertilizer and labor expenses heavily suppress net agricultural receipts within rural households. Revenue from non-farm sources successfully mitigates financial risks and ensures long-term livelihood security. Keywords: Palm…
creator: Gilang Ramadan
creator: Teguh Soedarto
creator: Mirza Andrian Syah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Gilang Ramadan, Teguh Soedarto, Mirza Andrian Syah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-07-07
publication date: 2026-07-07
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2160
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2160
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2160

Relational Governance Innovation Sustains Sugarcane Smallholder Partnerships in East Java
type: item
description: General Background Sugarcane is a strategic commodity requiring continuous raw material supply from agricultural producers to maintain national sugar industry operations. Specific Background Sugar factories heavily rely on plasma suppliers, necessitating robust institutional programs to ensure supply certainty, mitigate business risks, and align mutual interests. Knowledge Gap While previous literature independently correlates service quality or technical assistance with relationship continuity, simultaneous evaluations of behavioral and operational predictors within entirely supplier-dependent factories remain limited. Aims This study investigates how plasma supplier satisfaction, confidence, and perceived organizational backing concurrently predict the sustainability of institutional programs at PG Gempolkrep. Results Utilizing a quantitative explanatory design with a purposive sample of 90 active sugarcane suppliers, Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling reveals that the model explains 61.0 percent of the variance in program continuity. Furthermore, satisfaction, confidence, and organizational backing all demonstrate positive and significant correlations with sustainability, identifying confidence as the most dominant structural predictor. Novelty This research expands the commitment-trust theory by simultaneously quantifying the structural dominance of relational integrity over instrumental assistance in agribusiness alliances. Implications Agribusiness managers must prioritize transparent communication, operational honesty, and consistent policy execution over mere technical provision to secure long-term raw material supply and cultivate enduring supplier alliances. Highlights Transparent communication and consistent corporate policies fundamentally secure long-term agribusiness agreements. Plasma grower confidence structurally dominates over operational assistance in maintaining supply relationships. Fulfilling agricultural service expectations gu…
creator: Rafish Rafish
creator: Ika Sari Tondang
creator: Dona Wahyuning Laily
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Rafish Rafish, Ika Sari Tondang, Dona Wahyuning Laily https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-07-07
publication date: 2026-07-07
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2163
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2163
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2163

Hospital Leadership, Employee Engagement, and Nurse Retention as Components of Workplace Health Promotion in Private Religious Hospitals in Indonesia
type: item
description: General Background Workplace health promotion is essential in healthcare organizations because workforce well-being is closely connected to service continuity, patient safety, and organizational sustainability. Specific Background Private religious hospitals in Indonesia provide a distinctive context where professional healthcare management intersects with spiritual organizational values, leadership practices, employee support, and workforce development. Knowledge Gap Limited research has integrated hospital leadership, employee engagement, talent development, and nurse retention within a workplace health promotion framework, particularly in private religious hospitals in Indonesia. Aims This study examines how hospital leadership, employee engagement, and talent development contribute to nurse retention in private religious hospitals in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Results Using a mixed-methods design with cross-sectional survey data, qualitative interviews, partial least squares structural equation modeling, and thematic analysis, the study found that hospital leadership was positively associated with employee engagement and talent development. Employee engagement and talent development were positively associated with nurse retention and partially mediated the relationship between leadership and retention. Qualitative findings showed that spiritual organizational culture strengthened meaning, belonging, and emotional attachment among nurses. Novelty This study positions nurse retention as an indicator of a sustainable and health-promoting work environment. Implications Leadership and talent development should be managed as workplace health promotion strategies that strengthen psychological support, professional growth, engagement, and organizational culture. Highlights: Leadership was linked with engagement and talent development. Spiritual values strengthened meaning and belonging. Professional growth partially mediated workforce continuity. Keywords: Workplace Health …
creator: Qurratul Aini
creator: Rini Eka Sari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Qurratul Aini, Rini Eka Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2189
ending page: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2189
doi: 10.21070/ijins.v27i3.2189